Igbo-Ukwu (English: Great Igbo) is a town in the Nigerian state of Anambra in the southeastern part of the country. Igbo-Ukwu is notable for three archaeological sites (Igbo Isaiah, Igbo Richard and Igbo Jonah) where excavations have found bronze artifacts from a highly sophisticated bronze metal-working culture dating to 9th century AD, centuries before other known bronzes of the region.

The first, called Igbo Isaiah, was uncovered in 1938 by Isaiah Anozie, a local villager, who found the bronze works while digging beside his home. Five bronze artifacts from the original excavation are now in the British Museum’s collection.

 They include a small staff, a head of a ram, a large manilla, an intricately designed crescent-shaped vessel and a small pendant in the shape of a local chief’s head with scarification (ichi) marks on the face. Formal excavations by the archaeologist Thurstan Shaw in 1959 at the request of the Nigerian government, resulted in the discovery of two other sites, Igbo Richard and Igbo Jonah, containing the remains of an ancient culture.